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Mathilda (novella)
''Mathilda'', or ''Matilda'',〔Clemit, "Legacies of Godwin and Wollstonecraft", 37. Mary Shelley spelled the novella's title "Matilda" and the heroine's name "Mathilda". The book has been published under each title.〕 is the second long work of fiction of Mary Shelley, written between August 1819 and February 1820. It deals with common Romantic themes of incest and suicide.〔Todd, Introduction to ''Matilda'', xxii; Bennett, ''An Introduction'', 47. During this period, Percy Shelley dramatised an incestuous tale of his own, ''The Cenci''.〕
==Background==
The act of writing this novella distracted Mary Shelley from her grief after the deaths of her one-year-old daughter Clara at Venice in September 1818 and her three-year-old son William in June 1819 in Rome.〔"When I wrote Matilda, miserable as I was, the inspiration was sufficient to quell my wretchedness temporarily." Journal entry, 27 October 1822, quoted in Bennett, ''An Introduction'', 53; see also, ''The Journals of Mary Shelley'', 442.〕 These losses plunged Mary Shelley into a depression that distanced her emotionally and sexually from Percy Shelley and left her, as he put it, "on the hearth of pale despair".〔"Thou art fled, gone down the dreary road," he wrote, "that leads to Sorrow's most obscure abode". From "To Mary Shelley", published in Mary Shelley's edition of Percy Shelley's poetical works, 1839. Quoted in Todd, Introduction to ''Matilda'', xvi; see also Mellor, ''Mary Shelley'', 142.〕
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